A computer system consists of both hardware and software. The system unit system unit is case that has electronic components of the computer used to process data. Central processing unit cpu a cpu is brain of a computer. The basic parts of a computer are shown in the picture given here. Computer hardware is the collection of physical elements that constitutes a computer system. These parts of the computer and some other devices are connected together with the help of wires and cables. Numerous computer systems have been designed and built to aid humans in information processing and numerical calculations. Pdf on nov 9, 20, jeleel adekunle adebisi and others published. The four main components of a computer system are input devices, output devices, processing devices and the storage devices used to store data within the computer system. Definition a computer is a machine that can be programmed to manipulate symbols. Regarding computing power, the cpu is the most important element of a computer system. It is said to be volatile since its contents are accessible only as long as the computer is on.
Operating system the system software that controls the computer. Hardware hardware is any part of a computer system you can see or touch. A computer system is a collection of electronic and mechanical devices operating as a unit. Any part that we can see or touch is the hard ware. The term hardware refers to the physical components of your computer such as the system unit, mouse, keyboard, monitor etc. James tam basic units of measurement bit binary digit smallest unit of measurement two. In this lesson you will learn about the main parts of a computer.
We have a wide variety of computer parts and components, so whether youre trying to build a computer from the ground up or you just need to replace a few things. While the term computer can apply to almost any device that has a microprocessor in it, most people think of a computer as a device that receives input from the user through a mouse or keyboard, processes it in some fashion and displays the result on a screen. Basics of computers introduction being a modernday kid you must have used, seen, or read about computers. These models differ in the architecture of the processors, the underlying model of computation.
The ram and rom form the main memory that stores system and application programs, and data. Parts that were once hand made at a cost of thousands of manhours are now mass produced for a fraction of a rupee. Hardware is a set of instructions called programs the computer uses to carry out tasks while software are all the parts of the computer you can see and touch and is also known as peripherals. University of texas at austin cs429h introduction to computer systems fall 2011 don fussell 27 facilities assignments will use the erstwhile taylor ubuntu lab, now in trailer hall you will need a cs account, if you dont have one, see the utcs webpage for a. These components are the building blocks of a computer and define its architecture. What are the four main components of a computer system. This includes the computer case, screen, keyboard, mouse, printer, pen drive, and also all the parts inside the computer case, for example components such as the hard disk drive, motherboard or video card. Operating systems and utility programs are the most common. Section 1 types and components of computer systems hardware and software computer hardware is the collection of physical elements that constitute a computer system.
These devices can be sorted according to the role they play in the computer system. Computer hardware refers to the physical parts or components of a computer such as the monitor, mouse, keyboard, computer data storage, hard drive disk hdd, system unit graphic cards, sound cards, memory, motherboard and chips, etc. Before the windows operating system became the major operating system for personal computers, many computer programs were written which assigned special capabilities to the computer keyboard function keys. Software software is a set of electronic instructions that tell a. Main parts of computer memory how the processor stores and uses immediate data ram random access memory the main working memory used by the computer.
Watch the video below to learn about the basic parts of a desktop computer. It is the place in a computer where the operating system, application programs and the data in current use are kept temporarily so that they can be accessed by the computer s processor. A small, singleuser computer based on a microprocessor. Examples of devices are a keyboard, mouse, touch screen, and scanner. This section also briefly introduces the different forms of storage devices that we use to hold out data.
As a result, several models have emerged in the field of computer systems design. Introduction to computer architecture david vernon. Computer hardware includes all the electrical, mechanical, and the electronic parts of a computer. Computer hardware is the physical parts or components of a computer, such as the monitor, mouse, keyboard, computer. Computer hardware refers to the physical parts or components of a computer such as monitor, keyboard, computer data storage, hard drive disk, mouse, system unit graphic cards, sound. The palm reading free pdf active part of the computer, the part that does calculations and controls all. Hardware refers to the physical, tangible computer equipment and devices, which provide support for major functions such as input, processing internal storage, computation and control, output, secondary storage for data and programs, and communication. Some of these 10 components are important in making your computer function properly. Parts of a computer class iii, iv and v thinking of. Almost every other part of your computer connects to the system unit using cables. Five basic components of computer system bytenotes. About basic computer hardware every part of your computer is the result of years of research and development. The computer case is the metal and plastic box that contains the main components of the computer, including the motherboard, central processing unit cpu, and power supply. Lesson plan basic parts of computer introduction to.
Computer systems are currently built around at least one digital processing device. Everything you need to know about computer hardware. Operating systems commanddriven interfaces a system prompt user types in single letter, word, line which is translated into an instruction for the computer for example. Computer can also be defined in terms of functions it can perform. Hints for computer system design july 1983 5 can fairly easily run the disk at full speed.
I will give you the basic parts of a standard desktop computer. For example, every computer requires a bus that transmits data from one part of the computer to another. A motherboard or also know as system board, is the main circuit board of the system. This means that the stuff, be it information or junk. In this section we will look at the different components parts of a computer system. Home premium 64bit operating system, an intel gma hd graphics card, a 500. Ii, computer sizes and power computers can be generally classified by size and power as follows, though there is considerable overlap. Each part plays an important role whenever you use a computer. These machines have completely changed the way we perform all daily tasks.
In order to further maximize their potential, we must understand the core components of a computer system in detail input unit, output unit, cpu. Such a system can include as little as a personal computer and software. Software the instructions that tell the computer and computer networks what to do. Hardware categories functional parts a computer system is a set of integrated devices that input, output, process, and store data and information. Sits on desk and displays what is running on the computer. A computer based information system cbis is an information system that uses computer technology to perform some or all of its intended tasks. A system prompt user types in single letter, word, line which is translated into an instruction for the computer for example. Lesson 2 cpu monitor keyboard mouse parts of a computer. An information system is described as having five components.
Figure 1 shows the basic components of a microcomputer. A desktop case lies flat on a desk, and the monitor usually sits on top of it. The user commands the computer system to execute on instructions. Computer hardware refers to the physical parts or components of a computer such as monitor, keyboard, computer data storage, hard drive disk, mouse, system unit graphic cards, sound cards, memory, motherboard and chips, etc. You are pretty familiar with your tv, maybe too familiar.
Modems, disk drives, printers, scanners, keyboards. Size traditionally refers to the computers physical mass, whereas power refers to the computers speed and the complexity of calculations it can carry out. These computers also are of the microcomputer type. The cables plug into specific ports openings, typically.
There are a number of different types of computer system in use today. Feb 03, 2017 different computers are assembled differently, so it varies somewhat from one computer to another. As a rough rule, a microsoft windows based computer will. Computers are often identified by their size and power. The most important of these components is the central processing unit cpu, or microprocessor and random access memory ram. Computer hardware consists of the physical parts of a computer system, the parts that are tangible, that you can touch. The relationship among these components is well established by the following diagram. Lesson 2 cpu monitor keyboard mouse parts of a computer tejas and jyoti were in the computer room, looking at one of the computers.
Saying that computers have revolutionized our lives would be an understatement. The motherboard is the piece that ties all components of the computer together. The rom contains only part of the operating system, and most often the part that initializes the computer. Hardware is the physical components of a computer system e. About the basic parts of a computer with devices for kids. Computer hardware refers to the physical parts or components of a computer such as monitor. Full towers are large enough to accommodate specialty parts, such as extended advanced technology extended atx motherboards and water cooling systems. It can execute a prerecorded list of instructions a program. It can quickly store and retrieve large amounts of data. The primary function of the computer system unit is to hold all the other components together and protect the sensitive electronic parts from the outside elements. Computer hardware consists of the components that can be.
Computer hardware includes computer hardware includes 3 system unit 3 peripheral devices 3 input devices i. Peripherals are devices that connect to the system unit and is controlled by the processor in the computer. Computer parts and components from if youre looking to repair, build, or upgrade your computer, you can find the components and computer parts you need at. System unit the system unit is the core of a computer system. These are the hardware components of a computer system. Computer hardware refers to the physical parts or components of a computer. System case the primary function of the computer system unit is to hold all the other components together and protect the sensitive electronic parts from the outside elements. Input devices these devices are used to get data into the computer system processing devices. The physical parts of the computer system that you can touch and feel. The system unit is the case the motherboard and other parts are installed in. The front of the case usually has an onoff button and one or more optical drives computer cases come in different shapes and sizes.
Input unit, central processing unit and output unit. Shop online or visit your local micro center today. Housed in the case, you will find the floppy drive, cd rom drive, and the main components of the computer. You will also get to understand the features of each component. These steps are along invisible concentric cylinders, which are usually referred to as tracks. May 07, 2019 everyone know that computer is basically a device that will respond to a specific set of instructions in a well defined manner, it executes a pre recorded list of instructions, quickly stores and retrive large amounts of data. A computer internet course for older adults module 1 handouts.
Some of these are the hard drive, motherboard and the processor chip cpu. Operating system starts the computer, provides a user interface, manages. This is because they are an integral part of our everyday existence. In this lesson you will learn about the main parts of a. Computer cases house and protect computer components.
Computer hardware are physical parts intangible parts of a computer. Originally, mainframe computers 40 chapter 3 computer hardware. The pilot system 42 which succeeded the alto os follows multics and several other systems in allowing virtual pages to be mapped to file pages, thus subsuming file inputoutput within the virtual memory system. Computer hardware may sometimes be seen abbreviated as computer hw. Lifewire chloe giroux take a tour inside a desktop computer to learn how all the hardware in a traditional desktop pc connects together to create the complete computer system like the one you may be using right now. Case or tower this is the plastic box that contains the computer.
What are the functions of all the parts of a computer. Oct 22, 20 about the basic parts of a computer with devices for kids. The basic parts of a desktop computer are the computer case, monitor, keyboard, mouse, and power cord. Or it may include several thousand computers of various sizes with hundreds of printers, plotters, and other devices, as well as. You would have observed that instructions have to be fed into the computer in a. It responds to a specific set of instructions in a welldefined manner. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. They were trying to see how the wires were connected together, when moz appeared. Computer parts can be divided into two groups, hardware and software.
There are three case size categories, though the computer cases themselves have varying dimensions. Hardware and software in this section of notes you will learn about the basic parts of a computer and how they work. Parts of a computer these printable worksheets can be used to teach students about the parts of a computer, including the mouse, cpu, keyboard, printer, and router. You will see what role each component plays within the computer system. Size traditionally refers to the computer s physical mass, whereas power refers to the computer s speed and the complexity of calculations it can carry out. Parts of a computer class iii, iv and v thinking of various. When the computer system needs to access data on the diskette, the readwrite heads are stepped by signals generated by the computer system s floppy contr oller. The computer age introduced a new element to businesses, universities, and a multitude of other organizations. Peripheral a peripheral is any piece of hardware attached to a computer, such as a printer. A typical computer case is also large enough to allow for upgrades, such as adding a second hard drive or a higherquality video card. A computer input device that uses a set of keys to put data into the computer.
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